A VHF radio is one of the most important safety tools you can carry on a small boat. Even close to shore, it can be the fastest and most reliable way to get help when things go wrong.
You don’t need to be an expert to use one—just understand the basics.
What Is a VHF Radio?
VHF (Very High Frequency) marine radios allow boats to communicate with:
- The Coastguard
- Other vessels
- Harbours and marinas
Unlike mobile phones, VHF radios work boat-to-boat and don’t rely on phone signal or data coverage.
Do Small Boats Really Need One?
Yes—especially small boats.
A VHF radio:
- Works when mobile signal doesn’t
- Allows direct contact with the Coastguard
- Lets nearby boats hear your call for help
Even a handheld VHF can be a lifesaver.
Fixed vs Handheld VHF Radios
Handheld VHF:
- Portable and affordable
- Ideal for small open boats
- Limited range and battery life
Fixed VHF:
- More powerful (usually 25W)
- Better range with an external aerial
- Requires installation and a power supply
Many small boats carry a fixed set plus a handheld backup.
Channel 16 – The Most Important Channel
Channel 16 is the international distress, safety, and calling channel.
- Always monitor Channel 16 when at sea
- Use it for emergencies or to make initial contact
- Move to a working channel once contact is made
Never chat casually on Channel 16.
Making a Distress Call (MAYDAY)
Use MAYDAY only when there is immediate danger to life or the vessel.
Say clearly:
- “MAYDAY, MAYDAY, MAYDAY”
- Boat name (three times)
- Your position
- Nature of the emergency
- Number of people onboard
Speak slowly and calmly—the Coastguard will guide you.
Urgency and Safety Calls
- PAN-PAN – Urgent but not life-threatening
- SÉCURITÉ – Safety warnings (floating debris, poor visibility, etc.)
Knowing these calls helps you communicate clearly and correctly.
Range and Aerial Position
VHF range depends on:
- Aerial height
- Power output
- Line of sight
On small boats, raising the aerial even a little improves range significantly.
DSC and the Red Button
Modern VHFs often include DSC (Digital Selective Calling).
- The red button sends an automated distress signal
- Includes your position (if connected to GPS)
- Alerts the Coastguard instantly
Never press it unless it’s a real emergency.
Licensing and Operator Requirements (UK)
In the UK:
- The radio requires a Ship Radio Licence (free from Ofcom)
- At least one person onboard should hold an SRC (Short Range Certificate)
The SRC course is straightforward and well worth doing.
Good VHF Practice
- Keep transmissions short and clear
- Listen before transmitting
- Speak normally—don’t shout
- Always keep the radio switched on
Confidence comes quickly with a bit of use.
Final Thoughts
A VHF radio isn’t just for big boats or offshore passages—it’s essential safety gear for small inshore craft too.
- Carry one
- Learn the basics
- Keep it powered and accessible
It’s one piece of equipment you hope never to need—but will be glad you have.
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